Dandruff occurs when the scalp’s skin exfoliates excessively, resulting in whitish flakes that often fall onto the shoulders or collar. While dandruff is not caused by poor hygiene, it can become more visible if the hair is not washed regularly. Stress and cold weather can exacerbate dandruff, leading to increased itchiness and discomfort on the scalp. Stress and cold weather can exacerbate dandruff, leading to increased itchiness and discomfort on the scalp. Treatment for dandruff typically involves using topical anti-yeast lotions and shampoos or cortisone-based creams.